Golden Lay Verses

Verse 53 (ஆன்ம வைப்பு)

தமிழ் பாடல்

அகமதியை நினைத்திட்டா லான்மதியே யான்மாவாம்

அகமதிலே காணாக்கா லகிலமதில் யாதுண்டே

அகமதிலே கண்டாக்கா லகிலமெலாம் மாயையடா

அகமின்றிப் புறமானா லிகமதுமே பெரிதாகும்

Transliteration

Akamathiyai ninaiththittaa laanmathiyē yaanmaavaam

Akamathilē kaaNaakkaa lakilamathil yaathuNdē

Akamathilē kaNdaakkaa lakilamelām maayaiyadaa

Akamindrip puRamaanaa likamathumē perithaagum.

Literal Translation

If one thinks of the inner mind (akamati), that very mind becomes the soul-mind (āṉ-mati); “I” am the Self.

If, within the inner, one does not see, then in the whole universe what is there?

If, within the inner, one does see, then the entire universe is illusion (māyā), indeed.

If, without the inner, one becomes outward-facing, then even the worldly life (this-side, ikam) becomes exceedingly large.

Interpretive Translation

Turn attention inward: the inner clarity of mind ripens into the knowing of the Self. Without inner seeing, the vast world has no real substance or meaning; with inner seeing, the world is understood as māyā—an appearance that cannot bind. But if innerness is absent and one lives only outwardly, the “this-world” grows enormous: desires, fears, status, and sense-objects expand and dominate experience.

Philosophical Explanation

This verse operates on a Siddhar-style inversion of scale: the macrocosm (“akilam”—the entire world) is made small or even null depending on the state of the microcosm (the “agam”—the inner domain). The core claim is epistemic and yogic: reality’s weight is determined by where awareness is placed.

1) From mind to Self: “Akamati” (inner mind/inner knowing) is said to become “āṉ-mati” (soul-intellect / Self-knowing). In Siddhar idiom, when attention withdraws from the sense-field (pratyāhāra-like movement) and abides inwardly, the ordinary mind is transmuted into a luminous intelligence identified with the Self (“I am the ātman”).

2) Two evaluations of the world: - If inner seeing is absent: the world, though vast, is rhetorically declared to contain ‘nothing’—not in a physical sense, but as lacking enduring value, certainty, or liberating knowledge. - If inner seeing is present: the world is “māyā,” i.e., experientially real yet ontologically unstable—incapable of granting final satisfaction or liberation. The Siddhar does not necessarily deny appearances; he denies their power to define the Real once the inner is known.

3) Consequence of outwardness: The final line warns that when the “agam” is missing and one becomes purely “puram” (externalized), “ikam” (this-worldly existence: social life, possessions, sensuality, ambition, anxiety) becomes “peritu” (big)—it swells to fill the psyche. This is a psychological diagnosis expressed as metaphysical counsel: outward attention magnifies bondage; inward attention dissolves it.

The verse thus encodes a practical yogic instruction (inward-turning) alongside a metaphysical stance (māyā/appearance) and a phenomenology of suffering (worldliness grows when inner awareness is absent).

Key Concepts

  • agam (inner domain, inwardness)
  • puram (outer domain, outwardness)
  • mati (mind/intellect/knowing)
  • āṉ-mati / anma-mati (Self-intellect; soul-knowing)
  • anma / ātman (Self)
  • akilam (the whole universe)
  • māyā (illusion/appearance; non-ultimate reality)
  • inward turning (antar-mukha; pratyāhāra-like withdrawal)
  • worldliness (ikam: this-worldly life, sense-field dominance)

Ambiguities or Multiple Readings

  • “அகமதி (akamati)” can mean simply ‘inner mind/inner intelligence,’ but may also imply a specific inward locus of awareness (a subtle center) in yogic practice rather than general introspection.
  • “ஆன்மதியே (āṉ-matiyē)” can be read as ‘the soul’s mind/intellect’ or ‘the true/essential mind’; the line can imply either transformation (inner mind becomes Self-mind) or identity (inner mind already is Self-mind).
  • “யான்மாவாம்” literally ‘I am the soul/Self’ could be the Siddhar’s own declaration, or an instruction to the practitioner’s recognition (“you are the Self”).
  • “அகமதிலே காணாக்கால்” (‘if one does not see within’) may refer to lack of meditative vision (inner experience) or lack of discriminative insight (viveka) into the inner ground.
  • “அகிலமதில் யாதுண்டே” (‘what is there in the whole universe?’) may be read as nihilistic dismissal, or as a pragmatic valuation claim: without inner realization, nothing in the world yields liberation.
  • “அகிலமெலாம் மாயை” can be interpreted as strict ontological unreality, or as epistemic/phenomenological: the world is experienced as a passing appearance once the Self is known, without denying conventional functioning.
  • “இகமதுமே பெரிதாகும்” can mean ‘worldly life becomes huge (dominant),’ but also admits a reading where ‘ikam’ stands for immediate embodied existence; i.e., outer-oriented living inflates the sense of separateness and attachment to embodied identity.